Do Cavity Fillings Hurt? What to Expect Before, During and After Treatment

Many people feel nervous about having a filling. It is one of the most common questions patients ask: do cavity fillings hurt? If this is something you have been wondering about, you are certainly not alone. Worrying about discomfort at the dentist is completely normal, and dental teams understand this.

The good news is that dentists aim to keep you as comfortable as possible throughout the procedure. While no one can guarantee that you will feel nothing at all, modern techniques and local anaesthetic mean that most patients find fillings far more manageable than they expected. This guide explains what to expect before, during and after a cavity filling, so you can feel more prepared and informed.

What Actually Happens When You Have a Filling?

A filling is a straightforward procedure that usually takes around 20 to 40 minutes, depending on the size and location of the cavity. Here is what typically happens, step by step:

• Numbing the area. Your dentist will apply local anaesthetic to the area around the affected tooth. This numbs the tooth and surrounding gum tissue so you should not feel sharp pain during the procedure.
• Removing the decay. Using a small handpiece (often called a drill), the dentist gently removes the decayed portion of the tooth.
• Cleaning the cavity. Once the decay is removed, the cavity is cleaned thoroughly to prepare it for the filling material.
• Placing the filling. A filling material — often a tooth-coloured composite or another suitable material recommended by your dentist — is placed into the cavity and shaped to match the natural contour of the tooth.
• Shaping and polishing. The filling is trimmed, shaped and polished so it feels comfortable when you bite down.

Your dentist will explain each step beforehand and check that you are comfortable before proceeding. If you have any questions during the appointment, do not hesitate to ask.

Does the Injection Hurt?

For many patients, the thought of the injection is more daunting than the filling itself. Dentists are well aware of this and take steps to make the injection as comfortable as possible.

Before giving the local anaesthetic, your dentist will typically apply a numbing gel to the gum. This topical anaesthetic helps to reduce the sensation of the needle. When the injection is given, you may feel a brief pinch or slight sting, but this usually lasts only a few seconds.

If you are particularly nervous about injections, let your dental team know. They can take extra time, talk you through what they are doing, and give you a moment to settle before continuing. Are dental fillings painful because of the injection? For most people, the discomfort is brief and very manageable.

What You May Feel During the Filling Once You Are Numb

With effective local anaesthetic, you should not feel sharp pain during the filling procedure. What you may notice is vibration and pressure from the handpiece, along with the sound it makes. Some patients also feel a sensation of water and air being used to keep the area clean.

It is important to know that if anything does feel uncomfortable at any point, you can raise your hand or use an agreed signal to let the dentist know. They will pause, check your level of numbness, and give additional anaesthetic if needed. Your comfort matters, and no dentist wants you to be in pain during treatment.

Will It Hurt After the Filling?

Once the local anaesthetic wears off — usually within a couple of hours — you may notice some mild tenderness around the treated tooth. Common experiences after a filling include:

• Mild sensitivity to biting, hot or cold foods and drinks for a few days.
• A slight ache as the tooth settles.
• Some tenderness in the gum where the injection was given.

These sensations are usually temporary and tend to improve gradually over a few days. Over-the-counter pain relief, such as paracetamol or ibuprofen (if suitable for you), can help manage any discomfort.

If pain is severe, gets worse rather than better, or continues beyond what your dentist has advised is normal, contact your dental practice for advice.

Why Treating Cavities Early Often Feels Easier

The size and depth of a cavity can affect how the filling feels. Smaller cavities generally require less drilling and may be quicker to treat, meaning a shorter time in the dental chair and often less post-treatment sensitivity.

When cavities are left untreated, the decay can spread deeper into the tooth. Larger, deeper cavities may take longer to fill, and there is a greater chance of sensitivity afterwards. In some cases, untreated decay can reach the nerve of the tooth, leading to toothache, infection, or the need for more complex treatment such as root canal therapy.

Attending regular check-ups allows your dentist to identify cavities early, when treatment is typically simpler and more comfortable.

Ways Dentists Help Make Fillings More Comfortable

Dental teams are experienced in helping patients feel at ease. Here are some of the ways your dentist may help make your filling appointment more comfortable:

• Taking time to explain each step of the procedure before and during treatment.
• Applying numbing gel followed by local anaesthetic.
• Checking numbness thoroughly before starting any drilling.
• Allowing breaks during treatment if you need them.
• Using a calm, reassuring tone and checking in with you regularly.

If you are anxious about dental fillings, telling your dental team about your worries at the start of the appointment can make a real difference. They will adapt their approach to help you feel more at ease.

What Happens If You Avoid Fillings Because of Fear?

Dental anxiety is very common, and it is understandable that some people put off treatment because they are worried about pain. However, leaving a cavity untreated does carry risks that are worth being aware of:

• The decay can worsen, leading to a larger cavity that requires more extensive treatment.
• There is an increased risk of toothache or a dental abscess developing.
• In some cases, the tooth may need root canal treatment or even extraction.

If a tooth is lost due to untreated decay, replacement options such as dental implants to replace missing teeth or single tooth implants may be considered, depending on your situation.

Early, planned treatment is usually simpler, quicker and more comfortable than emergency care. Addressing a small cavity now can help you avoid more involved procedures later.

Tips for Nervous Patients Before a Filling Appointment

If you feel anxious about an upcoming filling, these practical tips may help:

• Arrive a little early. Giving yourself a few extra minutes avoids the stress of rushing and allows you to settle in.
• Tell the dental team about your worries. They will not judge you — they help nervous patients every day.
• Agree a hand signal. A simple raised hand can be your way of telling the dentist to pause if you need a moment.
• Try slow breathing. Taking slow, deep breaths before and during treatment can help calm your nervous system.
• Bring headphones. Some patients find listening to music or a podcast helps distract them during treatment.

Dental teams are very used to helping anxious patients, and they want you to feel as comfortable as possible. You are not alone in feeling nervous about dental fillings, and there is no need to feel embarrassed about it.

When Should You Contact Your Dentist After a Filling?

Most post-filling discomfort settles within a few days. However, you should contact your dental practice if you experience any of the following:

• Ongoing strong pain or throbbing that does not improve.
• Pain when biting down that does not settle after a week or so.
• Swelling of the face or gums.
• A filling that feels very high, uncomfortable, or has broken.

These signs may indicate that the filling needs adjustment or that there is another issue that needs attention. Do not ignore persistent symptoms — your dental team would rather hear from you than have you suffer in silence.

Booking a Check-Up If You're Worried About Cavities

If you are concerned about cavities or have been putting off dental treatment because you are nervous about fillings, the first step is to arrange a check-up. A check-up allows your dentist to assess your teeth, identify any issues, and discuss your options with you in a calm, no-pressure environment.

Your dentist can outline what treatment may be needed — if any — and help you decide on the approach that feels right for you. Whether you need a simple filling or want to explore other dental treatment options, an open conversation with your dental team is the place to start.

If you would like to discuss your dental health or arrange an appointment at our dental implant clinic in South Kensington, please contact us to book a dental check-up. Our team is here to help, and we welcome patients who may feel anxious about visiting the dentist.

This article provides general information about cavity fillings and is not a substitute for personalised dental advice. Please consult your dentist for guidance specific to your situation.